CALCULATOR · INSTANT · FREE
Engineering Unit ConverterUNIT CONVERTER
The conversions mechanical designers need most: mm ↔ inch (with the nearest 1/64 fraction), TPI ↔ thread pitch, diametral pitch ↔ module, N·m ↔ kgf·cm ↔ lbf·in torque and rpm ↔ rad/s — with the nearest standard pitch and module flagged.
- Lengthmm ↔ inch ↔ 1/64"
- ThreadTPI ↔ pitch
- GearDP ↔ module
- Torque / speedN·m · kgf·cm · lbf·in · rpm
RESULT
Live
Millimetresmm
25.4000mm
Details
- Inchesin
- 1.00000in
- Nearest 1/64 inch fraction1/64
- 1"
- Error of the 1/64 fractionΔ
- 0.0000mm
- Nearest 1/32 inch fraction1/32
- 1"
- Nearest 1/16 inch fraction1/16
- 1"
- Thousandths of an inch (mil / thou)mil
- 1000.00thou
- Micrometresµm
- 25400.0µm
- Centimetrescm
- 2.5400cm
- Feetft
- 0.08333ft
HOW-TO
How to use the Engineering Unit Converter
- 1Choose the quantity: length, thread pitch, gear module, torque or speed.
- 2Pick the source unit — inch, TPI, DP, N·m, rpm and so on.
- 3Type the value; the main conversion shows in large type and the other units are listed below.
- 4Length conversions also give the nearest 1/64, 1/32 and 1/16 inch fractions with their error, handy for inch drawings and tooling.
- 5Copy one or all results with 📋, or keep the conversion with the 🔗 share link.
Worked example (default inputs)
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Quantity | Length |
| Value | 1 |
| From unit | inch |
| Millimetres(mm) | 25.4000 mm |
| Inches(in) | 1.00000 in |
| Nearest 1/64 inch fraction(1/64) | 1" |
| Error of the 1/64 fraction(Δ) | 0.0000 mm |
| Nearest 1/32 inch fraction(1/32) | 1" |
| Nearest 1/16 inch fraction(1/16) | 1" |
| Thousandths of an inch (mil / thou)(mil) | 1000.00 thou |
| Micrometres(µm) | 25400.0 µm |
| Centimetres(cm) | 2.5400 cm |
| Feet(ft) | 0.08333 ft |
The conversions that come up when mixing inch and metric
Even metric designs keep running into inch parts: Unified screws, bearings, diametral-pitch gears and motor torque in oz·in or lbf·in. This tool puts the five conversions designers hit most on one page, and length results include the nearest fractional inch — 9.5 mm is closest to 3/8" (about −0.02 mm off) — which helps when choosing inch drills, extrusions or stock thickness.
Standard-value hints: pitch, TPI and module
A converted number is often not a catalogue size. A 1.27 mm pitch measured on an old machine is really 20 TPI; a module of about 1.06 mm is really a DP 24 inch gear. The converter lists the nearest ISO 261 pitch, Unified TPI, ISO 54 module and common diametral pitch so you can tell which standard the original part follows and avoid sizes that look close but are not compatible.
Torque and speed
Motors, gearboxes and tightening torques are quoted in different units by different makers: N·m in Europe, kgf·cm in Japan and Taiwan, oz·in or lbf·in in the US. Every torque is converted to N·m first and then to the other units; speed uses rpm as the base for rad/s, rev/s and °/s. Combine it with the gear-ratio calculator to get output torque and speed after a reduction.
Formulas
1 in = 25.4 mm (exact, since 1959) · 1 mil (thou) = 0.001 in = 25.4 µm Thread: P [mm] = 25.4 / TPI · TPI = 25.4 / P Gear: m [mm] = 25.4 / DP · circular pitch p = π · m · CP [in] = π / DP Torque: 1 kgf = 9.80665 N → 1 kgf·cm = 0.0980665 N·m 1 lbf·in = 0.112985 N·m · 1 lbf·ft = 1.35582 N·m · 1 ozf·in = 0.00706155 N·m Speed: ω [rad/s] = 2π · n [rpm] / 60 · rev/s = rpm / 60 · °/s = 6 · rpm Fraction: nearest k/64 in → k = round(64 · inch), reduced (e.g. 24/64 → 3/8")
Results are for design reference only; confirm against supplier catalogues and the applicable standards before manufacturing.
FAQ
Exactly how many millimetres are in an inch?
Since the 1959 international agreement, 1 inch is exactly 25.4 mm — not an approximation. That is why every inch-to-metric factor here (TPI, DP …) is built on 25.4.
How do I convert TPI to thread pitch?
TPI is threads per inch, so pitch P = 25.4 / TPI. 20 TPI is 1.27 mm — different from M6 (1.0 mm) and M8 (1.25 mm) — so inch and metric screws are not interchangeable even when they look close.
How are diametral pitch and module related?
DP is the number of teeth per inch of pitch diameter; module is the pitch diameter per tooth in mm, so m = 25.4 / DP. DP 24 ≈ m 1.058 and DP 32 ≈ m 0.794. Because the ratio is not exact, DP gears do not mesh properly with metric-module gears even when the numbers are close.
How do I convert a stepper's kgf·cm rating to N·m?
1 kgf·cm = 0.0980665 N·m — roughly divide by 10.2. A typical NEMA 17 stepper rated 0.45 N·m is about 4.6 kgf·cm or 63.7 oz·in.
How do rpm and rad/s relate?
ω (rad/s) = 2π × rpm / 60, about rpm × 0.1047. Mechanical power is P (W) = T (N·m) × ω (rad/s), so a motor at 3000 rpm and 0.5 N·m delivers about 157 W.
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Further reading
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Standards
- 1 in = 25.4 mm
- m = 25.4 / DP
- 1 kgf = 9.80665 N